Evolution and the Aquatic Ecosystem: Defining Unique Units in Population Conservation

Description

J. L. Nielsen, editor

435 pages

Published by American Fisheries Society, 1995

Summary

Symposium 17: Proceedings from “Evolution and the Aquatic Ecosystem Symposium,” held in Monterey, California, May 1994

Identifying units for conservation is now, and will likely remain, a complicated judgment call. A consensus process that addresses many factors is important to decisions about significant units of biodiversity. Thirty-six papers from a May 1994 symposium address conservation of aquatic diversity from an evolutionary and ecological point of view. This book represents the latest thinking on an issue that links the regulatory and scientific communities: evolutionarily significant units in conservation biology.

This book is intended for:

* conservation biologists * ecologists * policy makers

Table of Contents

Preface Introduction

PART ONE: PERSPECTIVES

Conservation Ethics at the Crossroads J. B. Callicott

Evolutionarily Significant Units and the Conservation of Biological Diversity under the Endangered Species Act R. S. Waples

Selection of Conservation Units for Pacific Salmon: Lessons from the Columbia River P. R. Mundy, T. W. H. Backman, and J. M. Berkson

PART TWO: MORPHOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS

Session Overview Morphology and Systematics R. J. Behnke

Processes of Origin and Criteria for Preservation of Fish Species G. Smith, J. Rosenfield, and J. Porterfield

Systematics, Species Concepts, and the Evolutionarily Significant Unit in Biodiversity and Conservation Biology R. L. Mayden and R. M. Wood

A Role for Molecular Systematics in Defining Evolutionarily Significant Units in Fishes L. Bernatchez

Evolutionary and Ecological Considerations in the Reestablishment of Great Lakes Coregonid Fishes R. B. Phillips and T. J. Ehlinger

Faunas of Isolated Regions as Principal Units in the Conservation of Freshwater Fishes M. Mina and A. Golubtsov

Genetic Population Structure and History of Chinook Salmon of the Upper Columbia River F. M. Utter, D. W. Chapman, and A. R. Marshall

PART THREE: BEHAVIOR AND LIFE HISTORY

Session Overview The Relevance of Behavior and Natural History to Evolutionarily Significant Units G. W. Barlow

Scales of Variation in Life History Tactics of Pacific Salmon and the Conservation of Phenotype and Genotype M. C. Healey and A. Prince

Size and Shape Variation in Laurentian Great Lakes Pink Salmon D. L. G. Noakes, M. M. Ferguson, B. Ashford, and W. Stott

Life History Variation and Population Structure in Sockeye Salmon C. C. Wood

The Population-Level Consequences of Individual Reproductive Competition: Observations from a Closed Population J. R. Baylis

Evolutionarily Significant Units among Cichlid Fishes: The Role of Behavioral Studies J. R. Stauffer, N. J. Bowers, K. R. McKaye, and T. D. Kocher

PART FOUR: GENETICS

Session Overview Genetics: Defining the Units of Conservation F. W. Allendorf

Using Allele Frequency and Phylogeny to Define Units for Conservation and Management C. Moritz, S. Lavery, and R. Slade

Population Genetic Divergence and Geographic Patterns from DNA Sequences: Examples from Marine and Freshwater Fishes C. A. Stepien

Why Statistical Power is Necessary to Link Analyses of Molecular Variation to Decisions about Population Structure A. E. Dizon, B. L. Taylor, and G. M. O’Corry-Crowe

Mixed DNA Fingerprint Analysis Differentiates Sockeye Salmon Populations G. H. Thorgaard, P. Spruell, S. A. Cummings, A. S. Peek, and E. L. Brannon

A Quantitative Genetic Perspective on the Conservation of Intraspecific Diversity J. J. Hard

PART FIVE: ECOSYSTEMS AND HABITAT

Session Overview Ecosystem and Habitat Conservation: More Than Just a Problem of Geography P. A. Bisson

A Disturbance-Based Ecosystem Approach to Maintaining and Restoring Freshwater Habitats of Evolutionarily Significant Units of Anadromous Salmonids in the Pacific Northwest G. H. Reeves, L. E. Benda, K. M. Burnett, P. A. Bisson, and J. R. Sedell

Desert Aquatic Ecosystems and the Genetic and Morphological Diversity of Death Valley System Speckled Dace D. W. Sada, H. B. Britten, and P. F. Brussard

Evolutionarily Significant Units and Movement of Resident Stream Fishes: A Cautionary Tale K. D. Fausch and M. K. Young

Safe Havens: Refuges and Evolutionarily Significant Units H. W. Li, K. Currens, D. Bottom, S. Clarke, J. Dambacher, C. Frissell, P. Harris, R. M. Hughes, D. McCullough, A. McGie, K. Moore, R. Nawa, and S. Thiele

Observations on Habitat Structure, Population Regulation, and Habitat Use with Respect to Evolutionarily Significant Units: a Landscape Perspective for Lotic Systems G. D. Grossman, J. Hill, and J. T. Petty

Spatial Variation in Demographic Processes of Lotic Fishes: Conceptual Models, Empirical Evidence, and Implications for Conservation I. J. Schlosser and P. L. Angermeier

Conserving Aquatic Biodiversity: Beyond Species and Populations P. L. Angermeier and I. J. Schlosser

PART SIX: PANEL DISCUSSION

Session Overview Results of Facilitated Discussion of Issues D. P. Burkett

Conservation Guidelines on Significant Population Units: Responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service W. W. Fox, Jr. and M. F. Nammack

Considerations in Defining the Concept of a Distinct Population Segment of any Species of Vertebrate Fish or Wildlife M. Spear

A National Biological Service Perspective on Defining Unique Units in Population Conservation T. L. King and J. L. Ludke

Roles, Responsibilities, and Opportunities for the Bureau of Land Management in Aquatic Conservation M. P. Dombeck and J. E. Williams

A Forest Service Perspective on Defining Unique Units in Population Conservation G. Haugen