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Morphological and Genetic Identification of Spontaneously Spawned Larvae of Captive Bluefin Tuna in the Adriatic Sea

  • May 28, 2015
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  • Morphological and Genetic Identification of Spontaneously Spawned Larvae of Captive Bluefin Tuna in the Adriatic Sea

Adriatic-sea-Bluefin-Tuna-embryo-formed-Kupffer’s-vesicleMorphological and Genetic Identification of Spontaneously Spawned Larvae of Captive Bluefin Tuna in the Adriatic Sea
Leon Grubišić, Tanja Šegvić-Bubić, Ivana Lepen Pleić, Krstina Mišlov-Jelavić, Vjeko Tičina, Ivan Katavić, and Ivona Mladineo

ABSTRACT: The spawning behavior of captive Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) was observed in cages at an Adriatic facility in summer 2011. Approximately 20,000 eggs were collected from cages and transferred to a land-based nursery, with an estimated fertilization success rate of 80%. Eggs were spheri-al with a diameter of 1,035.06 ± 20.16 µm and were pelagic with a single oil globule (227.63 ± 8.07 µm). Newly hatched larvae (3.08 ± 0.14 mm total length) followed scombrid larval development: melanophores were scattered over the body, head, notochord, and yolk, except finfold; eye pigmentation was ob-served 1.5 days posthatch, pectoral fins started to appear, and two-thirds of the yolk sac were absorbed; the mouth developed at 2.5 days posthatch, and larvae began feeding upon enriched rotifers. After mortalities occurred in the nursery (5 days post- hatch), DNA was extracted from a sample of larvae. An 890 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial partial control region was amplified and sequenced to genetically confirm fish species identity. Based on multiple sequence alignment, larval sequences showed no ambiguities to the T. thynnus mitochondrial control region, thereby confirming spontaneous spawning in captivity. Although such an event has previously been reported in the Mediterranean, this is the first report supported by both morphological and genetic data.

 

Identificación morfológica y genética de larvas espontáneamente desovadas de atún aleta azul cultivado en el mar Adriático

RESUMEN: a través de jaulas, se observó el comportamiento de desove del atún aleta azul (Thunnus thynnus) en cautiverio en el mar Adriático durante el verano de 2011. Se colectaron aproximadamente 20,000 huevos a partir de jaulas y se transfirieron a un criadero en tierra, con un éxito de fertilización del 80%. Los huevos pelágicos fueron esféricos con un diámetro de 1,035.06 ± 20.16 µm y un solo glóbulo de aceite (227.63 ± 8.07 µm). Las larvas recién eclosionadas (3.08 ± 0.14 mm longitud total) siguieron el desarrollo larval propio de los escómbridos: melanóforos dispersos en el cuerpo, cabeza, notocorda y vitelo, excepto en el pliegue de la aleta; se observó pigmentación ocular a los 1.5 días después de la eclosión, comenzaron a aparecer las aletas pectorales y se reabsorbieron dos tercios del saco vitelino; a los 2.5 días de la eclosión, se desarrolló la boca y la larva comenzó a alimentarse de rotíferos enriquecidos. Después de haber ocurrido la mortalidad en el criadero (5 días después de la eclosión) se extrajo una muestra de ADN de las larvas. Se amplificaron y secuenciaron 890 pares de bases de una región mitocondrial control con el fin de corroborar genéticamente la identidad de la especie. Sobre la base de una alineación secuencial múltiple, las secuencias de las larvas no mostraron ambigüedades en la región control mitocondrial de T. thynnus, por lo tanto se confirmó el desove espontáneo de la especie en cautiverio. Si bien tal evento ya se había documentado previamente en el Mediterráneo, este es el primer reporte basado en datos morfológicos y genéticos.

To cite this article: Volume 38, Issue 9, Fisheries, 38:9, 410-417
To access this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2013.839439

AUTHORS:
Leon Grubišić, Tanja Šegvić-Bubić, and Ivana Lepen Pleić
Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Split, Croatia

Krstina Mišlov-Jelavić
Kali Tuna d.o.o., Island of Ugljan, Croatia

Vjeko Tičina and Ivan Katavić
Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Split, Croatia

Ivona Mladineo
Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Šetalište Ivana Meštrovića
21000 Split, Croatia. E-mail: mladineo@izor.hr

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